The Stranger Cultural Analysis Essay Example For Students

The Stranger Cultural Analysis Essay This Novel, by Albert Camus, follows a year in the life of a youthful representative, Meursault, during the 1940s who works for a delivery organization in Algiers. The main thing that happens to Meursault is that he gets a wire that his mom has left. He takes a transport to see her and they hold the vigil. He shows no statement of regret or trouble. Once back in Algiers Meursault goes to the open sea shore for a dip. There, he runs into Marie Cardona, his previous colleague. They choose to go out on the town and they see a satire film, which is unexpected after his mother’s passing, and they rest together during the night. The following day he spends simply watching individuals in the road. That following day Meursault comes back to work and works the entire day and keeping in mind that at his condo Meursault runs into Salamano, an elderly person who lives in his structure and claims a dirty canine. He additionally runs into his neighbor Raymond, who is suspected to be a pimp. Raymond welcomes Meursault to supper and asks Meursault to compose a terrible letter to this young lady who undermined Raymond, and Meursault consents. The following Saturday Marie comes over and inquires as to whether Meursault adores her, he doesn’t love her and doesn’t show it, and around evening time Meursault runs into Salamano who is crying over his canine who fled. The next Sunday Meursault, Marie, and Raymond go to a sea shore house possessed by Masson, one of Raymonds companions. They run into the girl’s, of whom they composed the letter to, siblings and a blade is pulled on Raymond and cuts him. The two of them go various ways and later Meursault shoots one of the girl’s siblings. Meursault is then sent to prison and put being investigated. He shows no regret and over the long run he experiences more preliminaries in the wake of being in jail for longer than a year and he is condemned to death by the guillotine. The setting. . has done, and to liberate him from his entrapment. Works CitedBufacchi, Vittorio, and Laura Fairrie. Execution as Torture. Harmony Review 13. 4 (2001): 511-517. Scholastic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. Camus, Albert, and Matthew Ward. The Stranger. New York: Knopf, 1993. Print. 24 Apr. 2011. de Cavarlay, Bruno Aubusson. Could criminal measurements despite everything be of logical use? The French criminal equity framework 1813-1980. Verifiable Methods 26.2 (1993): 69. Scholarly Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. Scherr, Arthur. Camuss THE STRANGER. Explicator 59. 3 (2001): 149. Scholastic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 24 Apr. 2011. Scott, Nathan A. Albert Camus. New York: Hillary House, 1962. Scholarly Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 24 Apr. 2011. Odd, Alice J. Camus The Stranger. Explicator 56.1 (1997): 36. Scholarly Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 24 Apr. 2011.

Accounting Theory and Issues Preparing Business Concerns

Question: Examine about the Accounting Theory and Issues for Preparing Business Concerns. Answer: Presentation The current examination reveals insight into the bookkeeping speculations and ideas and the manner in which business concerns get ready and present their universally useful money related reports. The present investigation explains in detail the points, goals and foundation of three top 100 (Australia Stock Exchange-ASX) recorded associations, to be specific, BHP Billiton, CSR Limited and Woolworths Limited. What's more, the current examination explains in detail the applied system of the three distinct associations so as to complete a near investigation of the structure for the readiness and introduction of budget summaries. Moreover, the current examination additionally elucidates in subtleties the substance of the three business concerns and does a relative investigation between the three unique organizations. In this manner, the present segment completes an overall investigation of the compensation structure, calculated system alongside various issues of the bookkeeping of the thr ee unique organizations. In this manner, it tends to be said that the present record illustratively a relative articulation of the bookkeeping standards and issues with unique direction to the activities of BHP Billiton Limited, CSR Limited and Woolworths Limited. Foundation BHP Billiton Limited is a traded on an open market notable Anglo-Australian transnational mining, metals just as oil organization, traded on an open market in the ASX (Bhpbilliton.com 2016). BHP Billiton, headquartered in Melbourne, Australia is the biggest mining enterprise on the planet identified by the market estimations of 2015 and is the fourth biggest business worry in Australia as far as income (Bhpbilliton.com 2016). CSR Limited is a huge openly recorded Australian mechanical organization that works in the structure material industry. The organization, headquartered in New South Wales, Australia, works in Australia, New Zealand and United States and markets items, for example, glass, blocks plasterboard, protection just as aluminum (Csr.com.au 2016). Woolworths Limited is an Australian retail mammoth that is traded on an open market in the Australian Stock Exchange. The organization, headquartered in New South Wales, Australia, works in the retailing business and serves in Australia, New Zealand and India (Woolworthslimited.com.au 2016). Woolworths Limited is viewed as the second biggest partnership in Australia as far as income, simply after the Perth based global Wesfarmers. The organization works in various divisions that incorporate the stores, Food For less, alcohol segment, Petrol and General Merchandise among numerous others (Woolworthslimited.com.au 2016). Point The points and goals of BHP Billiton are To make long haul an incentive for the investors of the firm by methods for disclosure, securing, improvement just as advertising of normal assets (Bhpbilliton.com 2016). To possess just as work colossal, sturdy, low-evaluated, and expandable and simultaneously upstream resources fanned out in various items, geologies just as market. The points and targets of CSR Limited are To convey expanded comes back to investors by methods for age of development in income and increment in gainfulness (Csr.com.au 2016) To concentrate on focused end markets with the acclimatized just as separated items and administrations with the intend to achieve practical development and higher edges with returns The points and goals of Woolworths Limited are To convey development year on year and to give reliably solid comes back to the investors of the company To recover force in the stores of Australia and to beat in the alcohol business To clarify progression in the Masters way to efficiency, increasing speed of the lean retail model to contend in new condition, support of restrained portfolio the board just as capital designation Substance of organizations The substance of the organization CSR Limited incorporates crucial, bookkeeping just as assessment framework, customers and participations. The target of the associations is to upgrade the estimation of the investors of the firm by guaranteeing tenacious development of the partnership. Conversation Examination between organizations The three organizations CSR Limited, Woolworths Limited and the BHP Billiton can be thought about dependent on the use of the bookkeeping measures and standards and the exhibitions of the enterprise. The presentation of the enterprise can be dissected dependent on the benefit and the potential for age of income of the company (Rankin et al. 2012). According to the consistence announcement in the yearly proclamation of the organization CSR Limited, it tends to be therefore discovered that the universally useful monetary report of the organization is in compliance with the Corporation Act 2001. Moreover, the universally useful money related reports is likewise arranged in the wake of thinking about the execution just as translation of various bookkeeping standards as specified under the Australian Accounting Standards Board. The measures involve hidden research just as improvement consumption, essential deals, general just as regulatory exhausts, basic benefit and cost of deals, workin g benefit, net benefit and income per share (Horngren et al. 2012). The merged budget summaries follow the idea of distinguishing exchange receivables at reasonable worth and from that point are specified at amortized cost (Hong Yang 2012). Once more, the inventories of the partnership CSR Limited is basically esteemed at net feasible worth or, more than likely cost whichever is second rate however the methodology is judicious yet it downplays benefit. What's more, the enterprise CSR Limited likewise follows the straight-line procedure of devaluation that precisely repeats the treatment of advantage (Arnold 2011). This aides in introducing valid just as reasonable estimation of various resources, liabilities, monetary condition along with the benefit and misfortune. Then again, the administration of the Woolworths Limited gets ready and presents the General Purpose Financial Reports as per the Corporation Act 2001 and the Australian Accounting Standards just as Interpretations, International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (Woolworthslimited.com.au 2016). Moreover, the budget summaries additionally comply with different commitments of law. Once more, the combined budgetary revelations are likewise arranged basically in the Australian Dollars that happens to the utilitarian cash of the organization. Moreover, the combined money related revelations are additionally composed dependent on the authentic expense barring certain advantages just as liabilities that are estimated at reasonable incentive as explained in various bookkeeping procedures (Bragg 2011). The administration of BHP Billiton Limited plans just as presents combined fiscal reports according to the International Financial Reporting Standards as was given by the International Accounting Standards Board and sketched out in the area 41 Basis of arrangement and estimation to the budget summaries in the monetary reports. Moreover, the administration of the organization additionally utilizes distinctive non-IFRS measures that can help during the time spent assessment of the exhibition. Once more, according to the yearly fiscal summaries of the organization BHP Billiton Limited, the premise of arrangement just as estimation likewise accommodates with conditions (Bhpbilliton.com 2016). Similar appraisal of the monetary exhibition The organizations can likewise be analyzed dependent on various estimation of execution of organizations. The structure for arrangement just as introduction of money related presentations mirrors the way that various things that raise the monetary advantages are basically included as the salary and various things that decline the financial advantage of the firm speaks to the costs of the firm in the pay articulation of the enterprise (Devi and Hooper 2012). Once more, the examination of various things of budgetary execution can incorporate the income and productivity. The investigation of the monetary reports in the yearly proclamations of the organization BHP Billiton Limited mirrors the way that the income of the organization during the year 2015 was enrolled to be US $44638 million (Bhpbilliton.com 2016). The united pay articulation of the organization uncovers the way that the income has diminished from US $56762 enlisted during 2014 to US$44638 in 2015. Once more, the merged fis cal reports additionally uncover the way that the income age of the company has declined reliably all through the three-year time frame. Once more, the yearly articulation of the BHP Billiton uncovers the way that the inferable benefit of the enterprise was recorded to be US $ 2884m, US $1384 m, US $ (1312) m, US $269 m and US $ (1512) m (Bhpbilliton.com 2016). Be that as it may, the profits of the organization have expanded all through the five-year time of 2011 to 2015. The profit of BHP Billiton Limited has reached US$6.6 billion (Bhpbilliton.com 2016). This mirrors the way that the income of the enterprise has additionally declined during the period 2015 as the business income has declined on one hand and the profit payout has expanded. Once more, the benefits of the enterprise have additionally diminished from US $151413 in 2014 to US $124580. At last, it very well may be said that the inferable benefit, income and the profit affirmation of the partnership can be considered as the presentation estimation models for the organization. Figure 1: Consolidated Income Statement of BHP Billiton Limited (Source: Bhpbilliton.com 2016). Once more, the investigation of the money related execution of Woolworths Limited incorporates the assessment of the income and the net benefit of the firm from the pay articulation of the partnership. The complete income of the firm was recorded to be $60868 million during the year 2015 (Woolworthslimi

Should You Use Samples of Review Essay?

Should You Use Samples of Review Essay?If you are struggling with getting a good grade on your college essays, then maybe you should consider using samples of review essay. A writing sample can help you get the best grade you are hoping for. It is always helpful to know the standard you are aiming for so that you know what you need to improve upon. Writing samples will give you an idea of what other students expect of you and how to structure a better essay.Every student who writes an essay expects to get a good grade. It is not too difficult to achieve this if you know how to write an essay. Sometimes, however, students struggle with this task because they do not know what they are doing.If you are having trouble with college essays, it might be time to use a sample. You might be able to get a decent grade with a sample if you are able to follow the guidelines given. Make sure that you understand what the standards are before trying it out on paper. Sometimes, students give up too s oon, especially when they find out they have made a mistake.Some colleges give each student thirty minutes of practice on writing a class essay. This can be a great way to see if you are doing it right or not. You can do it once and take a break so that you will not be frustrated, then come back and try it again.Many college courses do not offer a sample assignment because they think that students should be able to come up with something on their own. However, students still need to know what the standards are in order to get a good grade. They should also be able to make their own mistakes, rather than just ignoring them. A writing sample should be given to students so that they will know how to write an essay, but it should not dictate how they will write.Essays can be written in different ways. You should be able to find one that fits your style. You will need to figure out how you will structure your essay.For some students, writing their own essay is too difficult. Others may h ave difficulty with the wordings of others. Either way, they can get the tips they need from a sample essay. By writing a sample, you will be able to figure out the best way to write an essay.It can take some time and work to figure out what works for you. The best thing that you can do is to go online and find samples of review essay. Then, if you get stuck, you will know how to tackle the problem.

Organizational Behavior And Employee Development - 2800 Words

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Difference Between Gsas And School Level Characteristics

Task Analysis 1. Identify all of the basic research questions and null hypotheses. A basic research question is: There is a relationship between GSAs and school-level characteristics. The null hypothesis is: There is no relationship between GSAs and school level characteristics. Another basic research question is: There is a relationship between schools in each state with GSAs and state level characteristics. The null hypothesis is: There is no relationship between schools in each state with GSAs and state level characteristics. 2. Identify all of the major dependent and independent variables and the level of measurement for each variable The dependent variable for the first research question is the presence or absence of GSAs (Fetner Kush, 2008). Its level of measurement is nominal. The independent variable is state level characteristics. Examples of state level characteristics are regions, size of student body and proportion of students receiving free or reduced lunch assistance. The level of measurement is nominal. The dependent variable for the second basic research question is percentage of schools in each state that have GSAs (Fetner Kush, 2008). Its level of measurement is interval-ratio. The independent variable for the second basic research question is state level characteristics of statewide antidiscrimination laws and adult-run gay support organizations (Fetner Kush, 2008). The level of measurement nominal. 3. Provide an example of a descriptiveShow MoreRelatedRelationship Between Gsas And School Level Characteristics1894 Words   |  8 Pagesrelationship between GSAs and school-level characteristics. The null hypothesis is: There is no relationship between GSAs and school level characteristics. Another basic research question is: There is a relationship between schools in each state with GSAs and state level characteristics. The null hypothesis is: There is no relationship between schools in each state with GSAs and state level characteristics. 2. 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Corporate Social Responsibility And Business Ethics

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND BUSINESS ETHICS Final Project Report for Legal Aspects of Management Submitted To Prof. Dr. D.S. Sengar Professor, IIM Lucknow Submitted By Group 9 Abhinav Bansal, PGP31186 Chheda Adarsh Jayesh, PGP31199 Manideep Akarapu, PGP31213 Ritika Srivastava, PGP31226 Surbhi Aggarwal, PGP31239 Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Acknowledgement 4 Business Ethics 5 Corporate Social Responsibilty 7 CSR Law 7 Crisis Management CSR 10 CSR Case Studies 12 CSR in developing nations 18 References 24 Citations 25 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The paper addresses the concept of business ethics and law of Corporate Social Responsibility. The study of behaviour of the organisations should include how responsible it is towards the community and its employees, customers and investors. The terms business ethics and corporate social responsibility are often used interchangeably but they are quite different in practice. Business ethics in essence, tells about the moral principles followed by the members of an organisation. It is wide and every individual is expected to adopt these principles because he/she is part of the organisation. Business ethics are often called best practices followed by an organisation. These practices are designed by the business and underpins the every decision taken by the organisation. For example, companies should not engage in bribery, should not unlawfully useShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics And Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesSOLUTION Business Ethics Business ethics are moral principles that guide the way a business behaves. The same principles that determine an individual’s actions also apply to business. Acting in an ethical way involves distinguishing between â€Å"right† and â€Å"wrong† and then making the â€Å"right† choice. It is relatively easy to identify unethical business practices. For example, companies should not use child labor. 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Organizational Psychology

Question: How does organizations like Wet Seal manage change and why does wet seal relate to industrial/organization psychology? Answer: Introduction Industrial and organizational psychology apply to the scientific study of human behaviour at the workplace by applying psychological theories to individuals at the workplace. The organization analyzed for studying this paper is Wet Seal. Wet Seal is a young women's clothing retailer carrying low budget and company designed apparel. The company is headquartered in Foothill Ranch, California. Currently, there are 173 stores in 42 states and online operations in the company (The Florida Times-Union, 2015). The company is closing down its stores across the state and lays-off thousands of workers. The company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection for keeping its remaining stores open. The retailer won the court approval in a deal to keep at least 140 of its stores open (Brickley, 2015). Change Management For implementing new procedures and processes, a company needs to understand the structure and employees that can handle changes. Wet Seal has suffered management upheaval and financial losses for years. The poor financial conditions of the company leave them no option but closing down the stores. Every organization must manage change effectively by following a few steps. Wet Seal analyzes its business operations and determines the areas where change is needed. Wet Seal collects information and data on the proposed changes arranging in the order of priority (Hayes, 2014). After the information is presented to executives, adjustments to the plan are made. The change plan must be introduced to the employees at least 60 days before the estimated change taking place (Hayes, 2014). The workers must be encouraged to give input and contribute ideas on the plan. However, when the management made the decision of closing down stores and laying-off employees, there was no information provided to them. The employees left a protest sign as they were given no notice. The sign suggested that the mission statement of Wet Seal is to hide the fact from employees. The employees also stated their grievances as they were given no compensation and severance pay. The employees were not permitted to look for other jobs. The employees were not happy with the change management knowing that the company had the right to do so. But the change management was considered unethical by the employees as the company even declined to comment to several news outlets (Phillip, 2015). According to Taylor (2015), nearly 3,700 employees lost their part-time and full-time jobs as two-thirds of the locations were shut. The CEO at Wet Seal stated that the decision of closing down the stores was very difficult, but the financial condition left them with no option but close the stores. The decision made by Wet Seal does not justify their acts on not being transparent with the employees and not giving their rightly deserved pay. Even the customers were agitated with the action, and Wet Seal lost the respect of millions of customers. The customers stood with the rights of the employees supporting them and holding the organization accountable for not providing compensation and notice (Taylor, 2015). Relation with Industrial and Organizational Psychology Industrial and organizational psychology have various theories and principles linked with the relationship between employees and employers. The principles related to organizational psychology are work design, work motivation, leadership, performance management, organizational justice, effectiveness and various others. The organizational psychological theory that can be linked with Wet Seal is organizational justice. Organizational justice judges the behaviour of management leading to changes in employee attitudes and perceptions (Cohen, 2015). The reports reveal that the gross profit margin, revenue and share prices are declining due to under performance. The firm's growth rate is lower in comparison with industry average (The Street Wire, 2012). The data and figures as stated in the previous section reflect that the employees of the organization are agitated as the change management was not conducted appropriately by Wet Seal. The theory of organizational justice can be related to the scenario. There are three types of organizational justice- distributive, procedural, and interactional justice (Cohen, 2015). Two out of the three main components of organizational justice can be related to Wet Seal. The first principle that can be related with Wet Seal is distributive justice. Distributive justice deals with the employees concerns due to the fairness they receive in tangible or intangible factors. The perceptions of distributive justice can be fostered if the employees receive sufficient to pay, compensation and vacations (Cohen, 2015). In this case, we see that the employees at Wet Seal were not provided with severance pay or compensation to the store managers or employees. Wet Seal offered $300 in severance pay to store managers and $100 to other employees if they worked until the store closed (Suddath, 2015). However, Thomas Hillebrandt, Wet Seal Chief Financial Officer, was about to receive a $95,000 raise (Maynard, 2015). Clearly, the case is unjust, and Wet Seal does not follow the principle of organizational justice. The second principle that can be related with Wet Seal is interactional justice. The employees in an organization have the right to obtain information and receive sensitive news. Every organization must provide an explanation to the employees regarding truthfulness, timeliness and specificity (Cohen, 2015). The employees of Wet Seal did not receive any information regarding the stores closing and that their jobs would be laid-off. No transparency of information was provided. Instead, they were asked not to look for other jobs. No notice period was provided to the employees so that they could start looking for other jobs (Taylor, 2015). Conclusion The above paper states the manner in which a bankrupt organization Wet Seal dealt with the change management. It is concluded that the organization did not manage the change effectively as it treated the employees unjustly. The poor financial conditions of the company leave them no option but closing down the stores. The decision made by Wet Seal does not justify their acts by not being transparent with the employees and not giving their rightly deserved pay. The organization did not follow the principle of organizational justice thereby losing respect and suffered work productivity. References Brickley, P. (2015).Wet Seal Wins Bankruptcy Court Approval for Sale to Versa.WSJ. Retrieved 30 March 2016, from https://www.wsj.com/articles/wet-seal-wins-bankruptcy-court-approval-for-sale-to-versa-1427906503 Cohen, A. (2015).Fairness in the workplace. UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Hayes, J. (2014).The theory and practice of change management. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan. Maynard, M. (2015).Wet Seal closes stores without notice, screws employees, gives CFO a $95,000 raise.Mark Maynard. Retrieved 30 March 2016, from https://markmaynard.com/2015/01/wet-seal-closes-stores-without-notice-screwing-employees-giving-cfo-a-95000-raise/ Phillip, A. (2015).Angry Wet Seal employees refuse to take layoffs quietly.Washington Post. Retrieved 30 March 2016, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/national/wp/2015/01/07/angry-wet-seal-employees-spoiled-the-companys-store-closure-announcement/ Suddath, C. (2015).Wet Seal to Employees: SurpriseYou're Out of a Job.Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 30 March 2016, from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-01-07/wet-seal-employees-say-company-layoffs-were-a-surprise Taylor, V. (2015).Wet Seal closes 338 stores, lays off almost 3,700 employees.Nydailynews.com. Retrieved 30 March 2016, from https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/fashion/wet-seal-closes-338-stores-lays-3-700-employees-article-1.2069336 The Florida Times Union,. (2015).Mall retailer Wet Seal closing over 300 stores, including Regency Square Mall location.The Florida Times Union. Retrieved 30 March 2016, from https://jacksonville.com/breaking-news/2015-01-07/story/mall-retailer-wet-seal-closing-over-300-stores-cutting-nearly-3700# The Street Wire,. (2012).Wet Seal Inc. Stock Downgraded (WTSLA).TheStreet. Retrieved 30 March 2016, from https://www.thestreet.com/story/11770687/1/wet-seal-inc-stock-downgraded-wtsla.html

A Silent Childhood Essays - Feral Children, American Children

A Silent Childhood A Silent Childhood Childhood is such a precious, yet trenchant part of life. We all have memories of our days as children along with stories of lessons learned. Childhood is reflected by most as being a time of bliss and enlightenment. As I recall my childhood an avalanche of mixed feelings suffocates me. Would I be able to interpret these feelings if I had not learned language? More importantly, is it possible to teach language after the critical period has been extinguished? This is the prominent question that arose in my mind as I read A Silent Childhood. The researchers' goal was to establish if Genie was capable of language after eleven years of isolation. Also, how much of language, if any is innate, and how much is learned? Genie? First of all, that name bothers me. Why in the world would someone name the child Genie? Granted, it was during the seventies when these events occurred, however, that is the best name they could conjure up? Webster's dictionary defines a genie as a supernatural spirit that often takes human form. Were the researchers inferring that they did not view this poor child as human? Why not name her something ladylike and promising like Hope or Heaven. With a child like Genie who was deprived of any sort of nurturing and positive reinforcement, I would think the name would be the first place to start in reconciling the child with a positive outlook upon herself and the world. A name like Genie gives me the impression that it is going to take magic to repair all the damage that has been done. The article later stated that Genie liked when she was described as pretty. Wouldn't it have been great if her name made her feel pretty? Since a name is something one hears hundreds time a day, the repetition of a beautiful name would redirect the negative thoughts that were pounded in her head for so many years. Speaking of years, Genie was thirteen when her mother stumbled into the social welfare office. Scientists don't agree how language is acquired, but they do agree that the first years of life a critical for language. Some scientists even believe that language is almost impossible to learn after the age of seven, six years before Genie was brought in for help. Behaviorists like B.F. Skinner believed language is learned through imitation, association of sights and sounds of words, and reinforcement. Genie was not exposed to any of this. Linguist Noam Chomsky believes that when a child is given the adequate nurture, language just happens to the child. Genie was not given the adequate nurture either. Because of this and the terrible condition she was in, I would have taken care of her emotional and physical needs first. Putting her in the hospital was the right idea, but that particular hospital was not the best place. Even though the hospital was well known, it was perhaps too well known . There was a tremendous amount of commotion and this is exactly what Genie didn't need. I would have put her hospital that was smaller and less well known. The fact that competition for access to Genie was fierce by the researchers was something that should not have taken place. It appeared that many people were more concerned with their personal gains rather that the well being of the child. Anyone concerned about Genie's well being would have tired to get her out the hospital as soon as possible into a stable family. Visits from her mother was a great idea, but Irene was incapable of taking care of a child with so many needs; even after Irene's therapy (which did not accomplish that much). I would have let Genie stay in the hospital only long enough to find her a nurturing, stable home. She didn't need to get attached to a place where she would leave in a short while. She did get attached to the cooks and the handy man at the Rehabilitation Center. Being moved from Jean Butler's, back to the Rehabilitation center, to the Ringler's, to her mother's, and to foster homes was detrimental to any progress that was made. I would

Taoism

Taoism Taoism is one of the two great philosophical and religious traditions that originated in China.The other religion native to China is Confucianism. Both Taoism and Confucianism began atabout the same time, around the sixth century B.C.E. China's third great religion, Buddhism,came to China from India around the second century of the common era. Together, these threefaiths have shaped Chinese life and thought for nearly twenty-five hundred years (Hartz 3).One dominate concept in Taoism and Buddhism is the belief in some form of reincarnation.The idea that life does not end when one dies is an integral part of these religions and the cultureof the Chinese people. Reincarnation, life after death, beliefs are not standardized. Eachreligion has a different way of applying this concept to its beliefs. This paper will describe thereincarnation concepts as they apply to Taoism and Buddhism, and then provide a comparison ofthe two.TaoismIt does not changes one habits in living as there are no religious habits or religious ceremonies at all. What that Taoism really changes his followers are their inner self, their idea about life and the universe. Taoism tells people how they can live and how their life can go on like. It is just a way of thinking and living harmony with nature. Taoism is never a religion. There is no Gods, deities, rituals, altars, or ceremonies for people to follow; there are no disciplines or regularities that people need to practice; there are no promises on the result of following this belief or punishment on not following certain disciplines.Our learning of Taoism is basically coming from the book written by Lao Tze, Tao De Jing. Very different from the 'holly book' in other world religions, like Bible and Qu'ran in Christianity and...

Innovative Organizations in the UAE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Innovative Organizations in the UAE - Essay Example It also merged with GasCities to improve production and increase its presence in the market across Europe and America. The firm is also a top innovative organization because it engages in the acquisition, discovery and expansion of fuel concessions (Al, 238). The other top innovative firm is the Emirates Airline that operates cargo and passenger services. The company is engaged in sports sponsorship of top football clubs across Europe, such as Real Madrid, PSG and Arsenal among others (Wilson 32). This helps it with increasing its market base beyond the UAE borders with the aim of beating competition from Etihad Airways. The company also comes up with considerable offers that favor international passengers with its continuous commercial flights. Emirates Airline is a recognized brand that launches latest flights from the Boeing Company to enhance luxury, class and comfort (Wilson 56). It is significant to launch and diversify the products and services to create a distinction from the competitors’ products. As a result, Emirates Airlines and Crescent Petroleum are among the innovative organizations in the

Roy Lichtenstein - Stepping Out Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Roy Lichtenstein - Stepping Out - Essay Example ‘Stepping Out’ implements Lichtenstein’s traditional comic book imagery. The painting, Fig. 1 in the appendix, features two individuals. Seemingly these individuals are a woman and a man, however Lichtenstein uses cubist like forms to obscure easy and clear distinctions. The male figure seems to be identifiable though traditional social conventions of dress; he is wearing a hat, has short-trimmed hair, as well as a suit and tie. Conversely, the woman does not take on complete form; instead her face is depicted not in the traditional form of the human head, but as a canvas. She only has one eye, which is slanted vertically. She has long blonde-hair, red lips, and a yellow dress that seems to further situate her with feminine identification. The division between the man and woman is blurred such that they seem to dissolve into each other; this perspective on singularity is further witnessed through Lichtenstein’s slight use of pointillism on the right side an d left side of the woman and man’s faces, respectively. Finally, the background of the work is divided into strong black and white, the white is on the woman’s side and the black is on the man’s side. Aesthetic analysis of Lichtenstein’s ‘Stepping Out’ reveals a considerable number of insights. Upon its debut the work was well received. One recognizes that by 1978 Lichtenstein’s reputation as a Pop artist was well established and this surely factored into its positive reception. In terms of meaning, interpretations differ widely from different critics. Indeed, the very post-modern elements of the work invite such multiple-critical voices. In terms of objective elements one recognizes that there is a degree of inter-textuality in the work. The male in work is based on Fernand Leger’s 1944 painting ‘Three Musicians;’ however Lichtenstein’s version is the mirror image of Leger’s earlier work.2 Additionally the female in the painting is clearly influenced by Picasso’s cubist style, in the multi-dimensional and slightly surrealist juxtapositions. In terms of the specific meaning this elements form, this essay contends that the primary emphasis is the

Comparing responsible leadership with transactional leadership

Comparing responsible leadership with transactional leadership The main purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the dimensions of responsible leadership with transactional leadership. Therefore, this paper will start off with giving the definition on both of the leadership styles. Then, it will be followed by analysing the six dimensions of responsible leadership which will be use to compare and contrast with transactional leadership. The dimensions comprise of the roles the leader fulfils, the relationship between the leader and follower, the values that derived from the relationships, the ethical perspective, the responsibilities while making decisions and finally, the sustainability. DEFINITION OF RESPONSIBLE LEADERSHIP AND TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP Responsible leadership has been defined as the art of building and sustaining morally sound relationship with all relevant stakeholders of an organisation (Maak Pless 2006, p.5). Transactional leadership is described as leaders and followers being in an exchange relationship (Dubrin, Dalglish Miller 2006, p. 105). COMPARING AND CONTRASTING THE TWO LEADERSHIP STYLES The first dimension to be compare and contrast is the role of responsible leadership. According to Maak and Pless (2006), the roles of responsible leadership are being a servant, steward, citizen, visionary, story-teller and meaning enabler, coach, architect and change agent. All these eight roles are supposed to act interdependently with each other as a whole. Moreover, according to Dachler (cited in Maak and Pless 2006, p. 107), all these roles are relational, that is, they concern specific responsibilities or activities vis-a-vis relational processes in the construction of organisational realities. A responsible leader fulfils being accountable for everyone within their surroundings to have a positive social interaction between both inside and outside the organisation. On the other hand, a transactional leader role is just to help the subordinates by clarifying them the role and task requirements to attain designated outcome and what they will receive in return. Another dimension is the relationship between a leader and the followers. In the context of responsible leadership, followers mean the stakeholders, whereas transactional leadership means just the subordinates. Responsible leadership is more suited with the twenty first century, this is due to todays ways of business interaction; the networking structures. Leaders and the stakeholders are of equal status where the stakeholders do not need to depend on the leader fully and have ultimate power or authority to achieve stated vision. Maak and Pless (2006, p. 104) wrote that leadership legitimacy does not come with position, status, reward or power. As for transactional leadership, it is more into hierarchical order, where the leader is seen as on the top and in charge of everything. And as for the subordinates, they need to follow what the leader says. Status and power plays its role. As stated in Hood (2003, p. 267) transactional leadership is based on bureaucratic authority and legitim ate power in the organisation. Relationships lead to another dimension for being a responsible leader that is in terms of its values. Some of the values are made up of honesty, empowerment and friendliness. Responsible leaders need to communicate effectively with their stakeholders as to respect and create positive friendly environment with each other. The leader needs to ensure that everyone are treated fairly and equal where their needs and interests are taken into account. Being an honest leader build the culture of trust that proves to motivate and inspire others by Caldwell and Dixon (2009), and as by doing so may create a long lasting intimate relationship (loyalty) which is relatively important for making future deals (ingredients of integrity). Pless (2007, p. 450) state that responsible leadership manifest itself in defining moments, in which leaders have to make fundamental decisions with long-term effect on people, environment and/or the future of the organization. As for delegating responsibilities, it is connected in the form of empowerment as it yields high trust, productive communication between individuals and teams (Remmel 2004). As for the values of transactional leadership, the relationship of friendliness build is only for short-term period as when the goal is achieve successfully then the transaction is complete, which neglects the importance of people in creating long-term wealth. Cameron (2003) and Senge (2006) cited in Caldwell and Dixon (2010, p. 97). Therefore, the trust given by the leader to the subordinates are only in the duration of the task is suppose to be completed, where in term of empowerment, it is lacking but do exist. The leader must make sure the followers are aware and being clarified of their tasks to be carried out efficiently with awards attached to it which can be said as the driven motivator. As proven by Houghton and Yoho (1005, p. 76) theorists have suggested that the directive and transactional styles will result in low levels of empowerment among followers. The fourth dimension of responsible leadership is ethics. Ethics can be defined as code of moral principles and values that governs the behaviours of a person or group with respect to right or wrong (Samson Daft 2009, p. 174). By looking at the definition, it can be said that morality is considered to be a significant quality to have as a leader. Moreover, there are two out of four values based founded by Rokeachs (1973) cited in Hood (2003) that are significantly related to ethical practises, that are social and morality-based values. Social values include such items as freedom and equality, and morality-based values include politeness, helpfulness, affection, and forgiveness. Responsible leaders, their ethics lies on both since as stated before, socially, the stakeholders do not need to depend on the leader, they are free and of equal status as the leader. In term of morality, making an ethical judgement considering the situation and condition of the stakeholders is regarded as a norm for a responsible leader because it is their ethical desires to serve others. As Pless (2007, p. 438) states, responsible leadership research examines the leadership dynamics in the context of stakeholder society and includes the ethical perspective. They are responsible to heed for the stakeholders needs and interest (Pless 2007). As for transactional leaders, their ethics basically just lie on the morality-based values. This is because, the subordinates have no freedom and dedicated to what the leader wishes, and also basically they do their job respectively in order to attain stated goal with the help of the leader. The fifth dimension of responsible leadership is responsibilities. A responsibility here means the ethics of what the leader does (Maak Pless 2006, p. 35). This part relates to the previous dimension where it can be said that ethics played a major part in being a responsible leader; the heart. Leader is responsible for decision-making. The case of making a tough decision is a common thing that a leader would have gone through. The responsibility is related to ones ethics of making the right or wrong decision. One has to take a look at different scopes before deriving a verdict. Hence, the issue of trust should also be bear in mind while making decision. As the relationship of trust is build between leader and followers, then as a leader, one is responsible to behave and make decision ethically. This applies to both types of leadership and they need to act morally and be responsibly. The main difference is only to who does the leader is held responsible while making an ethical decisi on. As a responsible leader, they have a bigger scope whom to deal with that is the stakeholders. As for transactional leaders, the followers only consist of the subordinates in the organisation. The final dimension of responsible leadership is sustainability. The sustainability issue can be in the form of having sustainable relationships and also the future. As stated in Maak (2007, p. 329) it takes responsible leadership and responsible leaders to build and sustain a business that is of benefit to multiple stakeholders. To have sustainable relationships, as a responsible leader, it requires them to include the stakeholders before claiming conclusions to ensure ethically sound decision making. Maak (2007, p. 331) states key to responsible leadership is thus the ability to enable and broker sustainable, mutual beneficial relationships with stakeholders, to create stakeholder goodwill and trust and ultimately a trusted business in society. As to reach sustainable future, responsible leaders should have a shared business vision to be reached together with the stakeholders. Maak (2007, p. 334) writes in a stakeholder society an agreeable vision would need to include the aspirati on to be (come) and inclusive, responsible, and active business in society. In contrast, sustainable relationships cannot be reached in transactional leadership since to reach beneficial relationships it involves number of stakeholders. Furthermore, the vision that is practiced in transactional leadership style is only to reach the stated goal which is clearly not sustainable as it is not forward looking to the future. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the six dimensions of responsible leadership that is being used to compare with transactional leadership are the roles, relationships, values, ethics, responsibilities and sustianability. As for the roles, there are eight interdependent roles of responsible leaders, and for transactional leaders, they only need to clarify the tasks to their subordinates with rewards attached to it. Secondly, relationships between leader and followers are being considered. The followers in responsible leadership are the stakeholders which consist of both inside and outside the organisation. Whereas for the transactional style, the followers are only within the organisation that is the subordinates. Thirdly, the values of honesty, empowerment and friendliness have been touched. Honesty between the leader and the follower build a culture of trust, however the period of trustiness between those two leadership styles differ. That is, responsible leadership will last longer than the transact ional leadership style because responsible leaders are thinking ahead of time for making future deals. And as for empowerment, responsible leadership results higher than transactional leadership style. Fourthly are the ethical perspective in terms of social and morality-values. Responsible leaders ethics is derived from both but transactional only from the morality-values. Fifthly, it is the responsibilities of decision making where the responsible leaders have to take into account of a wider range of people rather than the transactional leaders while making any judgement. And finally, the sustainable issue of having a sustainable relationships and future which turns out only achievable in a responsible leadership style and not transactional leadership.

Challenges of Small Businesses :: Essays Papers

Challenges of Small Businesses Growth in the small and medium business in Canada and other developed countries has been very significant. This sector of the business community now represents about 40 percent of GDP and accounts more than half of total employment. Today small businesses are more diverse and more vigorous than ever, but they also faces newer and more challenges or inhibitors to their growth than their older conter parts. This research will attempt to find the answer to the following hypothetical question: "What are the barrier to entry, inhibitors to growth, and detriments to the health of small business and entrepreneurship today?" Access to capital and credit at various stages in the business life cycle is identified as the major hurdle by the entrepreneurs. For many small firms and most start-ups, the personal funds of the business owners and entrepreneur and those of relatives and acquaintances constitute as the major source of capital. For many small businesses, especially during the early years of their operation, credit is simply not available. For many others, the limited available credit is not through bank loans. Due to this many of them rely on multiple credit card balances and home equity loans as major sources of credit for start-up firm. Because banks are bound by laws and regulations to prudent lending standards that require them a risk management assessment for each loan made. These regulations were made more vigor during the late 1980'' and early 1990 . Banks always found that lending to manufacturing firm with hard asset such as property, equipment, and inventory has always been easier than lending to today's expanding service sector firms. Because the service sector firms own few hard asses, therefor lending judgment have to be based in terms of character, markets, and cashflow, which make it difficult to the bank to meet the regulations for the approval of the loan. Additional, the banking industry, as well as the entire financial sector of the economy, is undergoing rapid change. In the future banking industry will be divided into global, national and super-regional banks and a much smaller number of community banks. It is expected of these banks primarily super regional banks and community banks will extend their services to the needs smaller business through large loan processing centers utilizing credit-scoring techniques and "intelligent models" (artificial intelligence-derived computer-based models) .

Nanotechnology Use in Fire Protection †Need for Environmental Friendliness Essay

There is a serious need to develop a more effective fire protection technology as the morbidities and the mortalities from the current seem to be rather insufficient. However, the nanotechnology fire protection industry is still in the infancy stage, developing solutions that are out of reach of the common man today. Nanotechnology is not only found to increase the durability, strength and efficiency of the material, but also increase it fire resistance along with self-cleansing action. A great number of fire-retarders have nanotechnology incorporated. A checklist needs to be prepared that would be required by the end user to ensure adequate protection of human life and the environment. Nanotechnology can also help in the detection and prevention of fires. The technology seems to be promising with various applications. However, only if the stakeholders become more interested would this technology become cheaper and permit more extensive use. Introduction Due to the serious impact of fire on the mortality, morbidity (burns, etc) and the losses to property, there is an urgent need for fire protection considering the overcrowding in cities and the serious impact of fires on the environment. In the year 2003, about 70 billion Euros were lost over fire damages, and hence, people are trying to build fire resistant buildings with both active and passive features (Innovations Report, 2004). Nanotechnology currently has a very small market segment as more and more fire-resistant materials and electronics are being used to tackle fire problems. In the Beijing Olympics concluded in the year 2008, fire protection was adequately provided in various sports construction sites by the use of Nanotechnology. There are more than 48 different applications in fire protection with nanotechnology. Some of the common applications required in fire protection include smoke detectors, alarm systems, resistant building material, etc, and nanotechnology has held strong promises in curbing some of the problems of the future (Innovations Report, 2004). In the year 2004, the nanotechnology market in the fire segment was 30 billion dollars, and is expected to almost double within a decade of introduction. As molecules can appropriately be modified to make them more fire-resistant, companies around the world are increasingly creating these modifications. Each year the nanotechnology market grows by about 25%. Nanotechnology is also said to be environmentally-friendly. China is said to be the current leader in the use of nanotechnology in fire protection (Innovations Report, 2004). The EPA is also supporting research in the use of nanotechnology for fire protection and safety. In February 2007, the EPA published a White paper on Nanotechnology and considered the same to help in preventing pollution to the environment. The White paper also focused on responsible use of nanotechnology by using recycling of the same and also ensures that the same was not toxic to the populations (EPA, 2007). Using nanotechnology has several advantages in reducing pollution & ill-effects on the environment:- 1. Reducing any waste substances that are released into the environment, 2. Using substances that are not so toxic, 3. Using conservative methods that could effectively reduce pollution and also recycling and reusing material, thus effectively preventing wastes 4. Increase in the general surface area of the article 5. Improvement in the strength of the material without considerable increase in the weight 6. Materials that use less raw materials and lesser electricity during manufacture 7. Changes to the electrical conductivity, color and opaqucity of the materials 8. Products that are used become less self-cleansing can be used 9. there would be a reduced need to have chemicals that would retard flames and fires 10. Components that are used in construction of automobiles can become more resistant to wear and tear, erosion and fatigue 11. Nanoscale catalysts can effectively help to reduce pollution 12. using the nanoscale catalysts, raw materials would be utilized more efficiently and reduced amounts of wastes would be generated (EPA, 2007) Advantages of Nanotechnology with reference to fire protection Body Nanotechnology involves the use small particles of materials or manipulating them in such a way that their properties would be enhanced, with potential application on a larger scale especially for construction purposes. Nanotechnology involves creating these modifications at ten to the power of -9 of a meter or the nanometer level. It is a new science with more recent applications and can be considered to be an extension of work that has been occurring on a microscopic level (micrometer). Processes and products with concrete, steel, glass, and composites are using nanotechnology. The concrete that would be used can be manipulated easily and is more durable, stronger and environmentally-friendly. Steel and glass can become tougher. Once, these materials are stronger, durable, and tougher, and their manipulation is improved, the impact on the environment would also be positive as the materials are more efficient. Not only is the process of manufacture improved by using nanotechnology, but also during actual fabrication or manipulation at the construction site (Mann, 2006). Most of the nanotechnology applications have been held back due to the limitations in costs. Nanotechnology is quite expensive for the modern world to incorporate due to the infancy of technology. With costs of using the same very high and rather very limited applications, many people prefer ignoring nanotechnology, resulting in isolation. Researchers feel that within the next five years, there could be significant use of nanotechnology in the field of constructions and others, such that application of the same would not be so exorbitant. Nanotechnology at the moment requires strong funding for research and motivation. The government needs to take an active role in the same with interest in improving the current environmental degradation. Besides, researchers and the industry need to collaborate more strongly. There should be a strong thirst for innovation such that nanotechnology should be applied with greater force (Mann, 2006). With the introduction of any kind of new technology, importance should be given to the life-cycle of the products, toxicity of the product and exposure that could be occurring to both humans and others in the environment. With relation to the life-cycle several factors need to be taken into consideration including design, level of production, application of the product, disposal, disintegration in the environment, etc. At the users end, a checklist need to be utilized that would ensure that enough of prevention is taking place in protecting the environment and human life. Some of the queries that can form a part of this checklist include:- ? Steps need to be taken to reduce the unintended consequences of the life-cycle of the product ? Real-time application of the products that can prevent pollution ? Barriers that are present for adopting nanotechnology in the modern world ? Methods of overcoming these barriers ? Areas of nanotechnology in which further research needs to be performed ? Manner in which the beneficial properties of nanotechnology can be used to create innovative products that can reduce pollution ? Role the regulatory bodies, courts and the government can perform (EPA, 2007) Today, the walls of homes and offices have huge amounts of lead in the paints and often this can be toxic during use or disposal. Nanotechnology and nanoengineering can help improve the composition of these materials such that they are less toxic to human health and the environment. Today, the impact of floods and erosion beaches are very critical considering the ill-effects of global warming. By changing the way natural materials function at the nanoscale, their environmental-friendliness can be improved (EPA, 2007). Not only would nanotechnology help in reducing the carbon dioxide levels by changing how the material works at the nanoscale, but also help the way in which a building is using energy (EPA, 2007). The same modification to cement can effectively help in fire protection as spray-on coats. The present cements that are being used are very brittle and need polymers to make them more adhesive. With modifications at the nanoscale to cement, they are stronger, more durable and can tolerate high temperatures when present in coats. Effectively carbon nanotubes (CNT’s) are mixed with cement material to mimic something similar to composites with high strength. Another option instead of using CNT’s is polypropylene which is a cheaper option and can improve fire protection (Mann, 2006). Using nanotechnology, better solar cells can be manufactured that are more efficient and cheaper. Besides, nanotechnology can help in heat recovery and also in treatment of water and air at the building. However, these technologies are not current and scientists are suggesting that they can be used, although we have already woken up to the dawn of the future (EPA, 2007). The self-assembly of buildings can be improved using nanotechnology. Molecules can be designed into complementary shapes such that they produce only minimum energy, which effectively helps in fire prevetion (Mann, 2006). Nanotechnology also plays an important role in fire hazard management and prevention. Today having a nanocomposite as one of the materials present in the flame retardant has been considered an advantage. Cross linked systems that provide polyureas and polyurethane foams seem effective in controlling fires. Another new tool that has been developed to combat flames is confocal microscopy (used in chemical analysis and material testing by collecting the light that is in focus and excluding light out of focus) (Leica, 2010). Previously, all the flame retardant systems had certain toxic components that could harm human life and have a negative effect on the environment. However, flexible and rigid polyurethane structures have been used in a number of applications such as furniture, mattresses, carpets, cars, aircrafts, etc. By altering them at the nanoscale, their resistance to fire can be improved. Previously, the open cell structures of the foams prevented stability during fire fighting. Even additives that increase the foam stability would have a negative effect on the environment. These additives include halogens and phosphorus based compounds that have a negative effect over human health. As most of these substances are volatile, during fire fighting, the high temperature would cause evaporation of these materials causing more damage to the environment (EPA, 2007). Nanotechnology can also be used to develop nano-electromechanical systems and circuitry that would connect detectors at various places in the buildings. The nano-devices would be effectively embedded into surfaces and would be able to detect fire easily (Mann, 2006). Another application of nanotechnology for fire protection is in nanoclays that can help to lower the rate at which plastics burn as it can increase the char forming abilities and prevents plastics from melting and dripping. When used along with other flame retardants, there is more effective fire retardation (EPA, 2007). With regards to fire protection specifically certain queries need to be answered in the checklist:- ? Extracting of raw materials during processing should not be damaging to the environment ? Emission of nanomaterial to the environment ? Reaction or additives to polymers ? Nanomaterials properties during use ? Exposure of nanomaterials to the industrial workers during manufacture ? Reaction of nanomaterials to light, heat, dust, etc ? Ability to recycle the nanomaterials ? Protection of workers during manufacture ? Nanomaterials during combustion and burning ? Ability to transport the nanomaterial ? Effects of exposing the user to nanomaterial A company by name GreenShield FR has developed a nanomaterial treatment for several groups of materials including polyester so that the material can become fire resistant as well as provide protection from water and staining. There are three sets of coat which are applied of the nanomaterial onto the surface. The first layer helps the nanomaterial to adhere to the parent material. The second layer offers repellency and self-cleansing action, and the third layer offers fire-resistance. At the end, the entire material is non-flammable. When these materials degrade they do not release any kind of toxic material into the environment. Nanoclays on the other hand help to lower the amount of energy that is liberated during fire. The nanoclays prevent the materials from bursting and disintegrating and further adding to the fire that has been activated. Nanoclays ensures that the materials burn slowly and at a lower temperature and can work along with several fire retardants (Betts, 2008). Conclusion Nanotechnology is offering strong promises to the field of fire protection, although very little is being utilized today due to the exorbitant costs of nanomaterials. However, these materials are not only more effective and safer, but also more environmentally-friendly. Within the next five years, with greater innovations and understanding of nanotechnology it would be easier to use this technology. Using nanotechnology, materials not only become fire-resistant but also stronger, durable and better self-cleansing. Using nanotechnology, fire cannot only be prevented and retarded, but also monitored and detected using nano-electromechanical detectors. The future for nanotechnology looks good, but researchers and academic organizations should continue with their search to make this technology more affordable and effective. References Betts K. S. (2008). â€Å"New Thinking on Flame Retardants. † Environ Health Perspect. 2008 May; 116(5): A210–A213. http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC2367656/ EMBL (2010). Leica Manual, Retrieved on July 10, 2010, from Web site: http://www. embl. de/ExternalInfo/almf/htdocs/almf_website/pdf/TCS_SP2_09052000. pdf EPA (2007). Pollution Prevention through Nanotechnology Conference, Retrieved on July 10, 2010, from Web site: http://www. epa. gov/oppt/nano/p2docs/final_nano-conf-brochure. pdf Innovations Report (2004). Nanotechnology in Fire Protection can save Life and secure Health, Retrieved on July 10, 2010, from Web site: http://www. innovations-report. com/html/reports/studies/report-29292. html Mann, S. (2006). Nanotechnology and Construction, Retrieved on July 10, 2010, from Web site: http://nanotech. law. asu. edu/Documents/2009/10/Nanotech%20and%20Construction%20Nanoforum%20report_259_9089. pdf Occupational Health & Safety (2010). Microtechnology vs. Nanotechnology, Retrieved on July 10, 2010, from Web site: http://ohsonline. com/articles/2010/01/01/microtechnology-vs-nanotechnology. aspx PHYSORG (2010). Chemist monitors nanotechnology’s environmental impact, Retrieved on July 10, 2010, from Web site: http://www. physorg. com/news188736302. html

Book Report on Anthropology of Globalization by Lewellen

Posting-wk-9 It was a long, difficult reading of a technical-term-loaded text, but immensely enjoyed! So much more to be said, but I stop here. I look forward to your lively, insightful interactions and discussions. Major Learnings Chapters 1-2 o Contemporary globalization is an on-going process of not just economic flows, but also cultural flows—the increasing flow of trade, finance, culture, ideas, and people brought about by the technology of communication and travel and by the worldwide spread of neoliberal capitalism†¦ (7). o Globalization is a reality, as well as regionalization and localization. Neoliberal capitalism has a global dominance; regionalism, localization, and globalization form a single, unified system†¦show more content†¦o Sometimes these changes are brought about by discourse, which it the deliberate control of thoughts and actions in a particular place or period (73). However, we even need to deconstruct development discourse. Developers and anthropologists may carry hegemonic philosophy, power discourse and ideology in their approaches to development (75). The dominant discourse must be deconstructed to reveal inherent presuppositions and assumptions, especially those that assert power and control on others (41). o Development transforms women in very different way (e.g., in labor). Development programs often fail to notice local discourses (85). Women need a voice and â€Å"some control over their lives and communities† (Amen!). Missiological Implications 1. The degree of globalization may vary from culture to culture. Globalization is a global, cultural phenomenon. As anthropology practicing missiologists, our tasks of mission must include a study of the history of globalization in the field of mission in which we opearte. Globalization shapes and reshapes culture and consumerism affects every fabric of life in that culture. In order to be a change agent to bring about culture change, we must know what â€Å"culture† we are talking about. 2. Lewellen suggests that contemporary cultural anthropologist should look for not only differences but also similarities, not